China Airlines, Limited commonly abbreviated ??) is the flag carrier of the Republic of China (Taiwan). The airline is not directly state-owned. However, it is 54% owned by the China Aviation Development Foundation which in turn is owned by the government of the Republic of China. Unlike other state-owned companies in the Republic of China, the chairman of China Airlines does not report to the Legislative Yuan.

The airline, based at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport and with headquarters in Taipei, currently flies to destinations in Asia, Europe, North America and Oceania. The airline started to operate regularly scheduled flights between Taiwan and mainland China on July, 2008. Most flights serving this market are thus concentrated at Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, and Hong Kong. China Airlines had operated Hong Kong route since 1967. It is the airline's most profitable market, generating 13.3% of its NT$121.9 billion (US$ 3.7 billion) revenue in 2006 with over 140 flights flown a week between Taipei, Kaohsiung and Hong Kong.